PDP-7
Flip Chips
PDP7 Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-7 PDP7
"FlipChip" Technology
"FlipChip" boards entered design in 1964 with the PDP-7 computer as modules on boards 2.52" x 5.0" in a 144 pin edge connector block with 18 pins per board. Each board had a colour code handle for it's generalised function and the technology used. Boards could be designed as a multiple of the 2.52" with and double and quad height boards being quite common. Towards the later stages of production 18 pins per board was found to be inadequate for the "new" integrated circuits, so the "FlipChip" design then went to double sided connectors yielding 36 pins for a single height board.
A number of G and W-Series modules were redesigned on this new double sided form factor, and with careful attention to the board layout (as both the 18 pin and 36 pin boards could be plugged into the same connector), it allowed half of the circuits on the new 36 pin boards to be realised in an 18 pin connector position. The M-Series were first used in a redesigned PDP-8 machine, the PDP-8/I. There are eight board types in the series listed below each with a different colour handle. This series information is roughly in chronological order.
Some confusion about the Flip Chip trademark exists and did so even within DEC, the official "Flip Chip" trade mark was filed in August 1964 (registered in June 1966) and lapsed in June 1987. Various DEC manuals refer to the mark as "FLIP CHIP", "Flip Chip", "FLIP-CHIP", and "Flip-Chip", with both trademark and registered trademark symbols. (1)
The DEC 1967 Logic handbook is a logic primer and list of data sheets covering some of the R, B and W Series "FlipChip" modules and includes application notes (32 position decoding; Stepper motor drives; Pseudo random sequences). Sections also cover - Logic laboratory, Hardware (panels; cabinets; hardware; connectors; Octaid and Panelaid series modules; E and F Series modules), Analog to Digital Conversion handbook, A Series modules, K Series modules, and a whole lot more !.
The "Flip Chip" family -
| Series | Handle | Description |
| R | R ed | Based on discrete components as integrated circuits were still expensive, the R Series were diode and diode-capacitor-diode gates, with a range encompassing logic functions and signal conditioning to flip-flops. Germanium based running at 1MHz. |
| S | Red | Using the same circuits as the R-Series but with component value changes to gain speed. Germanium based. |
| B | B lue | Loosely based on the circuitry of the 10MHz 6000 Series of System Modules. Silicon based eliminating the +10V bias supply required in the R and S-Series boards, but restricting the gate depth to two as opposed to three in the R and S-Series boards. The B-Series were first used in the PDP-7 range of computers, the range was further extended in the PDP-10 series. |
| A | A mber | Mainly analog functions, analog multiplexers, op-amps, sample and hold, D-A and A-D converters, references and other functions. |
| G | G reen | system modules - core memory, peripheral devices, disk and tape controllers, terminals. |
| W | W hite | I/O capability between other Flip Chip units and other devices. The range includes lamp, relay and solenoid drivers, level converters, switch conditioning and cable termination. Blank boards were also provided for used to build their own circuits. |
| K | blac K | For I/O interfacing in industrial control and computing (100KHz). Specifically designed to fit the NEMA package outline traditionally use in the industry but using the same 2.52 x 5.0" board outline and 18 pins connector scheme. During the development of the K-Series modules integrated circuits were introduced for some of the logic functions. These units were marketed in 1967 and by 1975, there were about 200 different types of K series modules. |
| M | M agenta | With the introduction of integrated circuit logic functions based on the 7400 family of devices, the number of connectors per module was found to be a limiting factor. The M-Series sought to rectify the problem by using a double sided board of 36 pins using the same 2.52 x 5.0" board outline. M Series modules were introduced in 1967. |
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- Flip Chip trade mark information -
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